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LANDac | New journal article: Land acquisition for urban expansion in peri-urban Hue, Vietnam

 

Recent LANDac PhD graduate Phuc Nguyen, together with co-chair August van Westen and chair Annelies Zoomers have recently published:

Compulsory land acquisition for urban expansion: livelihood reconstruction after land loss in Hue’s peri-urban areas, Central Vietnam

Available at: http://online.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/toc/idpr/current

Land acquisition for urbanisation in Vietnam has become a hot topic, attracting attention not only from land administrators, but also from the media and politicians. This paper draws on the case of Hue to investigate how farmers reconstruct their livelihoods after land loss. The findings indicate that the majority of people are able to reconstruct their livelihoods with better living conditions. Besides the employment opportunities derived from an expanding local economy, such as in Hue, remaining in the same physical environment and the retention of social networks are important factors for successful livelihood reconstruction. However, there are emerging issues that challenge equitable development and sustainable livelihoods, such as increased vulnerability for the elderly and infirm after land loss, in addition to the difficulties casual workers may face in the long term. The capacity of households to adapt to new situations, training, consultations and social security systems for the affected farmers should, therefore, be taken into account.

Keywords: Vietnam, Hue, land acquisition, peri-urban areas, livelihood reconstruction

Suggested citation:

Phuc Nguyen, August van Westen and Annelies Zoomers (2017). Compulsory land acquisition for urban expansion: livelihood reconstruction after land loss in Hue’s peri-urban areas, Central Vietnam

International Development Planning Review IDPR, 39 (2) 2017 https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2016.32

IDPR, 39 (2) 2017 https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2016.32

Land Rights Now | Earth Day Mobilisation

Secure Community Land Rights Now to Fight Climate Change and Protect our Planet

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This 22 April, the growing Land Rights Now movement will come together to show that secure land rights are central to fighting climate change.

 

“Together we can push national governments, investors, and companies to recognize that securing land rights is essential for delivering on the promises of the Paris Agreement and keeping global warming under 1.5 degrees. At this time of grave political, economic, and social turmoil, we can promote secure land rights for millions of Indigenous Peoples and local communities as a key solution to build a more fair and inclusive world.”

 

Launching on 22 April for one week, the campaign will mobilize and link with other movements and initiatives including the March for Science, the 10-year anniversary of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the People’s Climate March on 29 April.

 

There are more than 40 mobilisation actions taking place in 27 countries – see this map of action.

 

Also avilable: Policy Brief  ”Tested, Cost-Effective and Practical: Securing Indigenous and community land rights is a key solution to climate change”.

 

In the Netherlands – there will be film screening  Monday 24th April in Amsterdam  – all are welcome!

LANDac | LANDac and Partners at the World Bank Conference

Want to catch up with us at the World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty?

You can find out where we’ll be here: LANDac and partners at the World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty.

LANDac will be running a Masterclass on Multi-Stakeholder Approaches in Land Governance:

In debates around land-based investments, much attention has been given in recent years to making investments more inclusive and sustainable, including raising companies’ Corporate Social Responsibility profile. In approaches of ‘inclusive business’ or ‘shared value creation’, use of multi-stakeholder processes has been on the rise. By bringing together different stakeholders and exchanging views it is the aim of these approaches to make businesses more inclusive and sustainable. However, what is less clear in the existing processes is how local stakeholders are represented in the discussions: including diversities and dynamics at local level, existing expectations, livelihood priorities and engagement with the businesses. Moreover, impact analyses tend to be biased towards economic impacts (namely job creation) and environmental impacts of the investment, while often mostly looking at those groups that are directly affected, but only to a lesser extent taking into account people that live near the investment but are not directly involved in the business model.

With the goal of including local context in multi-stakeholder processes, three Learning Platforms on land governance and food security will be organized in 2017. In the platforms, local knowledge and bottom-up fact finding is combined with multi-stakeholder learning and dialogue, accompanied by follow-up activities for implementation and monitoring. The initiative focuses on concrete investments in Tanzania, Mozambique and Uganda: countries that are receiving large-scale land-based investments. The countries have been selected on the basis of a mix of criteria: the quantity of the investment flows, opportunities for making a change (Dutch and European stakeholders), as well as existing opportunities for linking up with ongoing research, practice and existing initiatives. The main thrust of the platforms consist of mapping local context around specific investments, in close collaboration with local monitors. The outcomes of this will be brought into 3-day learning meetings with businesses and other local stakeholders (local government, NGOs, farmer organizations etc.). The learning meetings will lead to the identification of actions that can contribute to better aligning the investments with the local context. In the remainder of the year several (shorter) follow-up meetings with the stakeholder groups will be organized, to ensure that the change processes are monitored.

By starting the learning platforms – with bottom-up research into the diversity of local context – the project aims to better align the investments with local priorities and expectations while starting an open exchange about innovative approaches to improve impacts locally. Communities will have better information about the investment, while investors will increase their knowledge about what is happening in the area, including business risks and opportunities.

For more details on any of the above, contact l.e.oates@uu.nl.

GLTN | Call for Proposals: “Conflict in the context of large scale land acquisitions”

Through the Land and Conflict Coalition, the Global Land Tool Network (GLTN) invites organizations and institutions to submit Expressions of Interest in undertaking a study on  Conflict in the context of large scale land acquisitions.

The primary objective of the Study is to analyze how land based investments contribute to conflict, violent conflict and social destabilization in selected countries and provide recommendations on how to prevent, mitigate and address such risks in the short, medium and long term.

The study is central to the ongoing work of the Land and Conflict Coalition, established in November 2015 with funding support from the Swiss Development Cooperation, to address the various articulations of the land and conflict challenges across the conflict cycle: from prevention, to humanitarian response and development; through coordinated efforts between the UN system and non-UN actors (see Annex 2 in the Terms of Reference).

This call is limited to Organizations and Institutions only. Each must fulfill the following requirements:

  1. Must be registered as non-profit organization (Certificate must be provided);
  2. Have published research in comparable fields of expertise (Publications’ list should be annexed to the submission);
  3. Have activities in the relevant thematic areas; and
  4. Be able to produce narrative and financial reports of their activities for the past two years.

Submissions Process:

Your Expression of Interest submission should include the following:

  1. portfolio of the organization that includes a description of the overall experience of the organization in carrying out research in comparable fields (max 4 pages);
  2. proposal on how to carry out the Study, including: (1) Proposed structure of the Study (e.g. Annotated Table of Contents; (2) methodology to be used (e.g. desk reviews, consultations, field work, etc.); (3) Work plan, including time-frame, budget and in-kind contributions to be made by the submitting organization (e.g. contribution in terms of staff time, equipment and logistical support; internal review of the Study; etc.); and (4) Any other information considered relevant. The proposal should not exceed 6-10 pages.
  3. The CVs of the person(s) to lead the Study

Expression of Interest must be delivered in electronic format no later than 6th March 2017 to Ombretta Tempra at ombretta.tempra@unhabitat.org.

The detailed terms of reference are available below.

Download the Terms of Reference

 

LANDac | Vice Versa and LANDac present special issue on land rights to Minister Ploumen

Yesterday, the Vice Versa special issue on land rights was officially handed over to Minister Ploumen, Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation. The special issue features stories from journalists giving perspectives on land rights from different angles, and was produced in cooperation with LANDac. 

Written by Selma Zijlstra, Vice Versa.

The special was presented during the ‘LANDdialogue’, where representatives of NGOs, academia, business and government came together to discuss achievements in the sector in the past year and to design steps for the future of land governance.

Special reference was made to the Minister on a story from Iraq, where a local civil servant managed to grab the local cadastre records just before ISIS arrived to take Sinjar. Now that the peace has returned and refugees slowly return home, the two big green books have become an important source for preventing conflict. This is symbolic of the importance of land rights and good governance in building peaceful and resilient communities.

Land rights are equally important in the post-conflict setting of Colombia, where many internally displaced people will return to their homes now the peace agreement between FARC and the government of Colombia is in place. According to locals, formal land registration will take ‘two centuries’ to complete. As long as these remain unregistered, new conflict is looming. A participatory method hopes to bring a solution.

The importance of good relations with the community was also highlighted for the Minister. In one of the stories on Mozambique, it is described how frustrated young employees of a company put up a road blockage out of frustration with delayed payment of their salary. As we have seen in Ethiopia as well: without good relations with the community, companies cannot move forward – both literally and figuratively.

In the special issue, reports from Indonesia, Uganda and Mozambique tell about the complexities of large scale land acquisitions. Sometimes they deserve the label ‘land grab’, yet sometimes they are a promise for prosperity in the eyes of many — provided that conditions and rules are in place. The important role of the state and having adequate rules in place is emphasized throughout the special issue, for example by quoting the economist Karl Polyani who already in the 1940s understood that, while self-regulating markets may work for commodities, they create problems when labour and nature – which includes land – are brought under the same market discipline.

In the magazine, we see critical reflections vis-à-vis policy coherence on aid and trade, while initiatives of the Netherlands on land governance are highlighted as well – such as the support of the Dutch government for Mozambique’s Terra Segura program which aims to provide 5 million small-farmers with individual land titles. Different researchers contributed to the issue, including Femke van Noorloos from Utrecht University. She tells us about her research on “new cities” in the making, in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Kenya, amongst others. Models from Dubai are being enthusiastically copied in African settings, she says, but the complexities of local land rights are not always understood and accounted for in the designs.

The city is the main character as well in a story on Beira, Mozambique’s second largest city, a story which was made with the cooperation of Utrecht University and LANDac researcher Murtah Read. The inhabitants of Beira see their houses flooded time and time again, and it is mainly the poor that are suffering. Dutch companies designed an ambitious ‘Masterplan’, yet Beira proves that city development also involves extensive resettlement which is not always desirable. “Does the city of the future take the poorest of the poor into account?”, is the central question in this report.

Last but not least, Annelies Zoomers, Professor of International Development Studies and Chair of LANDac, advocates for Sustainable Development Goal number 1 and the commitment to leave no one behind. To realize that goal, people should not be moved aside for investments. Because there is also a right to stay, according to Zoomers – to stay on the land of your ancestors, where even the rivers and stones might have spiritual and symbolic meaning.

Vice Versa is a Dutch journalistic platform about global cooperation. Visit www.viceversaonline.nl for more information.

For questions or to find out how to access a copy of the magazine (currently available in Dutch; English pending), please contact landac.geo@uu.nl.

Wageningen University | PhD fellowship: Gender-Responsive Innovation in Maize-based Agricultural Contexts

Wageningen University (Chair Group Knowledge, Technology and Innovation), together with the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, CIMMYT, invite interested candidates to apply for a PhD fellowship ‘Gender-Responsive Innovation in Maize-( and Wheat-)based Agricultural Contexts’.

Duration: 4 years, starting April/May 2017

Apply before: Sunday 19 February 2017, 24:00 (Amsterdam time zone: UTC+01:00)

For a more detailed description of the position, see the PhD position description.

Africa Gender Innovation Lab | Fellows Recruitment 2017

The World Bank’s Africa Gender Innovation Lab (GIL) is hiring another round of three GIL Fellows from Sub-Saharan Africa. The Lab conducts rigorous impact evaluations of development interventions to generate evidence on how to close gender gaps in productivity, earnings, and assets.

The GIL Fellowship Program aims to develop the skills of prospective PhD students – as well as recent PhD graduates – from Sub-Saharan Africa to prepare them for a PhD or help them jumpstart their post-doctoral research career. We seek two types of candidates: those who wish to do research in a quantitative discipline (e.g., economics) and those who wish to conduct qualitative research. Applicants will be asked to indicate a preference for a quantitative or qualitative fellowship position.

Who: Women and men (under the age of 36) who are nationals of a Sub-Saharan African country and plan to pursue – or have just completed  – a PhD in economics, public policy, statistics, sociology, or a related field

What: One-year fellowship (World Bank term staff position)

Where: Washington DC-based position with travel to Sub-Saharan Africa

When: Apply by 13 February 2017

How: Follow this link to apply on the World Bank website

LANDac | Conference report: Climate change interventions as a source of conflict, competing claims and new mobilities

Now available, a summary report from the November conference.

Available here: landac-ccmcc-and-uu-conference-report

This report describes some of the key themes that emerged during the 1,5 day event, and also provides some information about the programme, key note speakers and conference participants.

For any further information about the conference, or for questions regarding the report, contact us at landac.geo@uu.nl.

LANDac | Report LANDac in Quito for Habitat III

LANDac attended the Habitat III Conference in Quito in October 2016. We organized a number of events and activities, of which you can find a brief report here: LANDac in Quito.

VNGi | Participatory cartography in Benin: A VNG International project

LANDac partner VNG International have recently experimented with a revolutionary new tool for securing community land rights in Benin.

As in many parts of Africa, land rights in Benin are largely undocumented, resulting in land related conflicts accounting for 60% of court cases. In order to fast-track the modernisation of the country’s legal and institutional framework initiated under the in 2013 introduced Land Code (Code Foncier et Domanial), citizens in two municipalities were asked to draw out the borders of their own villages. The result of this experiment: an inclusive and inexpensive tool for the demarcation of villages, municipalities or departments, called Participatory Cartography.

You can find out more about the experiments here, and you can also access this brochure: participatory-cartography-in-benin.